Wakhtiga uu socdo ololaha doorashada maraykanku waa kan kugu dheer dunida, waxaanu socdaa ku dhawaad sannad iyo in kabadan. Sababta uu sidaa u yahayna waa iyada oo ay jiraan laba nooc oo doorasho ah.
Ta hore oo loo yaqaanno Primary elections, ama doorashooyinka xilliga hore oo musharrixiinta isku xisbiga ahi ku soo tartamaan dhammaan gobollada dalka si ay u kala hadhaan. IyoTa labaad oo ah ta dhammaan dadweynaha maraykanku u codeeyaan sidii ay u dooranlahaayeen madaxweynihii dalka hoggaamin lahaa.
Doorashada hore ee loo yaqaan Primary elections, haddaynu ku horraynno, musharraxa doonaya inuu u tartamo madaxweynennimada maraykanka, xisbiga uu doono ha ahaadee waa inuu taageero buuxda ka soo helaa dhammaan50 ka gobo lee Maraykanka. Gobolladu siday ay musharraxa u dooranayaan iyaduna waa laba siyood
a. Primary: waa doorasho ay dadku gobolku codkooda si qarsoodi ah u dhiibtaan, si ay u doortaan qofka ay u matalaya musharraxnimada xibsiga
b. Caucus: waa kulan ay isugu yimaaddaan dadka codka dhiibanaya ee gobol si ay uga doodaan cidda ay xisbigooda u sharraxayaan
Habka danbe waa mid wakhti badan qaata, islamarkaana dadka ka soo qayb galaa aad u yaryihiin. Ku dhawaad toban gobol ayaa isticmaala habkan. Gobollada inta soo hadhay waxa adeegsadaan habka hore.Hab kasta oo gobolku isticmaalaba doorashada xilligan waxa lagu ogaadaa qofka musharraxa ah ee ay wufuudda gobolkaasi ee xibigu u codayn doonaan marka laysla tago shirweynaha guud ee xisbigu ku dooranayo musharraxa u matalaya tartanka doorashada madaxweynennimada ee dalka Marykanka.
Habka noocan ah waxa la sameeyay intii ka danbaysay doorashadii 1968kii, kolkaasoo Hubert Humphrey oo Dimuqraadi ahaa uu ku guulaystay inuu xisbigu madaxweyne u sharraxo, isaga oo aan doorasho ka horraysa soo galin. Waayadaa gobolladu waxay awood u lahaayeen inay dadka shirweynaha xisbiga u tagaya ku doortaan shir xisbiga gobolku yeesho. Sidaa daraaddeed wufuudda badidoodii waxa lagu doortay shir xisbigu yeeshay, kaas oo hoos tagayay hoggaamiyeyaasha xisbiga. Sidaas ayaa lagu doortay Hubert Humphrey oo la tartamayay Richard Nixon(Jamhuri) oo isagu soo maray doorashooyinkii xilliga hore ee gobollada. Sidaana waxa ku guulaystay Nixon. Intaa wixii ka danbeeyay madaxda xisbiga Dimuqraadigu waxay dib u habayn ku sameeyeen nidaamka doorashada lana sameeyay in gobolladu wufuudda ay u soo dirayaan shirweynaha guud ee xibiga iyo qofka ay magacaabayaanba ku soo baxaan labada nooc ee doorasho ee aynu sheegnay midkood.
Taa awgeed qofka madaxweyne doonayaa waa inuu galaa tartan dheer oo uu taageero kaga raadsanayo gobollada dalka oo dhan halkii uu ka sugi lahaa in xisbigu magacaaboIsbaddalku sidoo kale waxa uu keenay hab tartan oo u furan in cid waloo is hubtaa ka qayb qaadato, halkii guushu ka raaci lahayd qofka madaxda xisbigu taageero muujiyaan.
1. Sannad ka hor intaan la bilaabin tartanka u horreeya ee gobollada, waxa la bilaabaa lacag ururin, doodo iyo olole afka ah oo ay sameeyaan musharrixiintu iyaga oo inta badan wakhtiga ku bixinaya gobollada ugu hor codeeya.
2. Bisha koowaad ee sannadka waxa dhacda doorashada ugu horraysa gobollada taasi oo ah doorasha gobolka IOWA (Caucus), waxaana si talantaalli ah ugu xiga doorashada gobolka New Hampshire( primary), South Carolina (Primary), iyo Nevada (Caucus). Intaa wixii ka danbeeya ayuu gobol kastaa qabsan karaa doorashadiiisa. Sida qaalibka ah dhawr gobol ayaa isku mar qabsada maalin salaasa ah taasoo loo yaqaanno Super Tuesday.
3. Ugu danbaynta wakhtiga xagaaga waxa dhaca shirweynaha xisbiga ee lagu dooranayo qofka u matalaya doorashada madaxweynennimada
Qofka ku guulaysanaya inuu xisbigu u magacaabo musharraxa madaxweynaha, waxa uu inta badan noqdaa qofka ku soo guulaysta gobollada Iowa iyo New Hampshire. Sidaa daraaddeed musharraxa aan guul ka soo hoyn labada gobol rajadiisu ma fiicna.
Inkasta oo ay qasab tahay in musharraxu ku guulaysto labadan gobol Iowa Iyo New Hampshire, haddana saadaal uma noqon karto in lagu doorto shirweynaha xisbiga.Musharraxa rajada ugu fiican lihi waa ka inta aan la gaadhin codaynta IOWA meel fiican kaga jira dardarta musharrixiinta. Dadka aqoonta durugsan u leh qaabka ay u dhacdo doorashada Marykanku, wakhtiga ka horreeya doorashada IOWA waxay u yaqaannaan. THE INVISIBLE PRIMARY
Inkasta oo aanay codad la dhiibanayaa jirin, haddana waa aminta ay musharrixiintu iyagu isa sii kala saaraan, iyaga oo soo ban dhigaya waxyaabaha ay tahay in lagu doorto, islamarkaana dadka is baraya. Wakhtigan waxyaabaha uu musharraxu ku dadaalo waxa ka mid ah
1. In magiciica la bartoDadka codka dhiibanayaa haddii aanay si fiican aqoon ugu lahayn musharraxa magiciisa, dhagahoodana aanu ku badan, way adagtahay sida uu taageero uga helo codkoodana u siiyaan.
Markii George H. W. Bush uu galay tartankii madaxweyninnimo ee aanu ku guulaysan 1980kii, waxa uu sameeyay olole balladhan oo wakhti bandanna qaatay, haddana ra’yul caam la sameeyay in yar ka hor doorashadii IWOA, waxa lagu ogaaday in kaliya 8% ay magiciisa ka war hayaan, halka 53% ay sheegeen in magiciisu caan yahay, ku dhawaad 40% ayaa iyaguna sheegay inaanay waligood maqal magiciisa.
La soco…….
C/raxmaan C/laahi Warsame